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Variable
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Benin
|
Zimbabwe
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|---|
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Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI)
|
P
|
Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI)
|
P
|
|---|
|
Age (years) of respondent (ref: 15–19)
|
|
20–24
|
1.99 (1.42–2.78)
|
< 0.001*
|
1.77 (1.46–2.14)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
25–29
|
2.51 (1.72–3.67)
|
< 0.001*
|
2.80 (2.24–3.51)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
30–34
|
2.48 (1.62–3.80)
|
< 0.001*
|
3.89 (3.06–4.93)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
35–39
|
2.74 (1.78–4.25)
|
< 0.001*
|
4.49 (3.44–5.85)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
40–44
|
3.91 (2.47–6.17)
|
< 0.001*
|
4.58 (3.45–6.09)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
45–49
|
3.11 (1.96–4.95)
|
< 0.001*
|
5.01 (3.61–6.96)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Residential status (ref: Urban)
|
|
Rural
|
0.80 (0.64–0.99)
|
0.043*
|
0.80 (0.62–1.03)
|
0.084
|
|
Education level (ref: None)
|
|
Primary
|
1.34 (1.01–1.81)
|
0.049*
|
1.50 (0.93–2.40)
|
0.097
|
|
Secondary
|
2.53 (1.70–3.78)
|
< 0.001*
|
2.91 (1.78–4.76)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Higher
|
4.19 (2.36–7.44)
|
< 0.001*
|
6.34 (2.98–13.46)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Religious belief (ref: Christianity)
|
|
Islam
|
0.65 (0.50–0.86)
|
0.002*
|
0.50 (0.19–1.33)
|
0.165
|
|
Traditional/others
|
0.85 (0.64–1.13)
|
0.258
|
0.94 (0.74–1.19)
|
0.606
|
|
Literacy (ref: Cannot read at all)
|
|
Able to read only part of sentence
|
0.88 (0.59–1.31)
|
0.526
|
1.93 (1.43–2.59)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Able to read whole sentence
|
1.12 (0.78–1.59)
|
0.545
|
1.63 (1.27–2.08)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Frequency of reading newspaper/magazine (ref: Not at all)
|
|
Less than once a week
|
0.99 (0.73–1.35)
|
0.968
|
1.68 (1.43–1.96)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
At least once a week
|
0.70 (0.48–1.03)
|
0.068
|
1.59 (1.28–1.98)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Frequency of listening to radio (ref: Not at all)
|
|
Less than once a week
|
1.07 (0.83–1.38)
|
0.608
|
1.07 (0.92–1.26)
|
0.365
|
|
At least once a week
|
1.21 (0.96–1.52)
|
0.100
|
1.59 (1.37–1.84)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Frequency of watching television (ref: Not at all)
|
|
Less than once a week
|
1.50 (1.16–1.93)
|
0.002*
|
1.14 (0.94–1.38)
|
0.194
|
|
At least once a week
|
1.44 (1.10–1.89)
|
0.008*
|
1.05 (0.87–1.27)
|
0.586
|
|
Frequency of using internet (ref: Not at all)
|
|
Less than once a week
|
2.40 (1.25–4.59)
|
0.008*
|
1.68 (1.02–2.76)
|
0.042*
|
|
At least once a week
|
1.83 (1.17–2.84)
|
0.008*
|
1.52 (1.06–2.20)
|
0.023*
|
|
Almost every day
|
2.77 (1.96–3.93)
|
< 0.001*
|
1.90 (1.50–2.39)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Wealth quintile (ref: Poorest)
|
|
Poorer
|
0.88 (0.60–1.30)
|
0.529
|
1.20 (1.01–1.43)
|
0.050*
|
|
Middle
|
1.09 (0.75–1.58)
|
0.660
|
1.30 (1.08–1.57)
|
0.007*
|
|
Richer
|
1.06 (0.72–1.53)
|
0.766
|
1.45 (1.13–1.88)
|
0.004*
|
|
Richest
|
1.21 (0.81–1.82)
|
0.356
|
1.68 (1.20–2.34)
|
0.002*
|
|
Marital status (ref: Never in union)
|
|
Currently in union/living with a man
|
0.86 (0.65–1.15)
|
0.321
|
1.95 (1.63–2.33)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Formerly in union/lived with a man
|
1.05 (0.68–1.60)
|
0.832
|
1.83 (1.42–2.36)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
Occupation (ref: Not working)
|
|
Professional/technical/managerial
|
1.74 (1.20–2.54)
|
0.004*
|
2.24 (1.27–3.95)
|
0.005*
|
|
Sales
|
1.45 (1.11–1.91)
|
0.007*
|
1.17 (0.98–1.39)
|
0.080
|
|
Agricultural
|
0.63 (0.41–0.95)
|
0.028*
|
1.08 (0.86–1.35)
|
0.521
|
|
Services
|
1.84 (1.35–2.50)
|
< 0.001*
|
1.27 (0.98–1.65)
|
0.074
|
|
Skilled manual
|
0.91 (0.63–1.31)
|
0.628
|
0.89 (0.60–1.33)
|
0.583
|
|
Geographical region (ref: 1)
|
|
2
|
2.09 (1.24–3.51)
|
0.005*
|
1.62 (1.26–2.08)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
3
|
1.47 (0.90–2.40)
|
0.127
|
1.39 (1.07–1.81)
|
0.014*
|
|
4
|
0.22 (0.10–0.46)
|
< 0.001*
|
1.52 (1.17–1.95)
|
0.001*
|
|
5
|
2.54 (1.55–4.17)
|
< 0.001*
|
0.74 (0.58–0.94)
|
0.016*
|
|
6
|
2.08 (1.22–3.57)
|
0.007*
|
0.60 (0.47–0.78)
|
< 0.001*
|
|
7
|
1.22 (0.68–2.19)
|
0.507
|
0.93 (0.73–1.18)
|
0.533
|
|
8
|
1.93 (1.18–3.19)
|
0.009*
|
0.93 (0.74–1.18)
|
0.576
|
|
9
|
1.53 (0.88–2.67)
|
0.131
|
1.66 (1.23–2.23)
|
0.001*
|
|
10
|
0.78 (0.46–1.33)
|
0.373
|
0.89 (0.66–1.21)
|
0.465
|
|
11
|
0.66 (0.35–1.24)
|
0.202
| | |
|
12
|
1.67 (1.01–2.77)
|
0.048*
| | |
- Benin: 1 = Alibori, 2 = Atacora, 3 = Atlantic, 4 = Borgou, 5 = Collines, 6 = Couffo, 7 = Donga, 8 = Littoral, 9 = Mono, 10 = Oueme, 11 = Plateau & 12 = Zou.
- Zimbabwe: 1 = Manicaland, 2 = Manicaland Central, 3 = Manicaland East, 4 = Manicaland West, 5 = Manicaland North, 6 = Manicaland South, 7 = Midlands, 8 = Masvingo, 9 = Harare & 10 = Bulawayo.
- *Significant at p < 0.05
